Medical Transcription and Healthcare Experience Sharing

To know the relationship of one location of the body to the another, we should understand about body positional and directional terms of Medical terminology. (1) Anterior or ventral:- This position refers to front side of the body. Ex:- chest is anterior to the back. In a human anterior and ventral are the same position, but in four-legged animals anterior refers to front side of the body near the head and ventral refers to the abdomen side. (2) Posterior or dorsal:- Posterior or dorsal refers to the back side of the body. Back is the posterior or dorsal to the chest. (3) Deep:- This refers to away from the surface. Ex:- Bullet went deep into the chest. (4) Superficial:- This refers to on the surface. The shore is on the superficially infected. (5) Proximal:- This position refers to near the point of attachment or near the beginning of a structure. Ex:- The proximal end of the femur attaches with the hip bone. (6) Distal:- This position refers to far f...

According to the regions of the Spinal column, we can separate into divisions. Spinal columns comprised of bones in series extending from the neck towards the tail bone. Each bone in this series is called in singular vertebra and vertebrae in plural. Totally this series of bones numbered is thirty and we can divide this thirty bones into five divisions such as: (1) Cervical (C) (2) Thoracic (T or D( dorsal)) (3) Lumbar (L) (4) Sacral (S) (5) Coccygeal Now we can see each division in detail: (1) Cervical (C):- This division of the backbones are in the neck region. These are seven in numbers (C1 - C7). These bones are called cervical vertebrae. (2) Thoracic (T or D( dorsal)):- This division of the backbones are in the chest region of our body. These twelve bones are joined to the rib bones. These bones are twelve in number (T1 - T12). These bones are called Thoracic vertebrae. (3) Lumbar (L):- These bones are in the flank region. T...

We can divide Abdominopelvic regions into four quadrants by making two imaginary lines (vertically and horizontally intersecting each other) on the abdomen through the body. By this way we will get four abdominal quadrants such as: (1) Right upper quadrant (RUQ) (2) Left upper quadrant (LUQ) (3) Right lower quadrant (RLQ) (4) Left lower quadrant (LLQ) Now we can see each quadrant and its organ one by one: (1) Right upper quadrant (RUQ):- This quadrant contains right lobe of the liver, gallbladder, part of the pancreas, part of the small and large intestines. (2) Left upper quadrant (LUQ):- This quadrant contains left lobe of the liver, Stomach, spleen, part of the pancreas, and parts of the small and large intestines. (3) Right lower quadrant (RLQ):- This quadrant contains part of the small and large intestines, right ovary, the right uterine or fallopian tube, appendix, and right ureter. (4) Left lower quadrant (LLQ):- This quadr...

We can divide Abdominopelvic cavities into nine regions. (1) Hypochondriac regions (left and right) - 2 (2) Epigastric region - 1 (3) Lumbar regions - 2 (4) Umbilical region - 1 (5) Inguinal regions - 2 (6) Hypogastric regions - 2 Now we can see each region and the organs containing in each region: (1) Hypochondriac regions (left and right):- These regions are two in number and they are in the upper right and left regions below the rib cartilages that extend over the abdomen. (chondr/o means cartilage). (2) Epigastric region:- This is the region which is above the stomach. (3) Lumbar regions:- These regions are near the waist in the left and right side. (4) Umbilical region:- This is the region also called Umbilicus region which is in the naval portion of the body. (5) Inguinal regions:-These are regions in the lower part of the abdomen in the right and left sides near the groin where the two legs join to the trunk of the...

A body cavity is a space within the body that contains internal organs. A body cavity is any fluid filled space in a multicellular organism, it is located between an animal's outer covering (epidermis) and the outer lining of the gut cavity, where internal organs develop. "The body cavity" of human body cavities normally refers to the ventral body cavity, because it is by far the largest one in area. The collective visceral cavity of the trunk (thoracic cavity plus abdominopelvic cavity), bounded by the superior thoracic aperture above, the pelvic floor below, and the body walls (parietes) in between. Our body consists of five body cavities, such as 1. Cranial cavity 2. Thoracic cavity 3. Abdominal cavity 4. Pelvic cavity 5. Spinal cavity Now we will study briefly each cavity and the organs within each cavity: 1. Cranial cavity: This cavity consists of brain and pituitary gland. 2. Thoracic cavity: This cavity consists of lungs, heart, esophagus, t...

ORGANS:  Several kinds of tissues combine together to form an ORGAN. For instance, stomach is an organ that is composed of nerve tissue, muscle tissue, and glandular epithelial tissue. VISCERA (singular: viscus) are internal organs. Abdominal viscera are the liver, stomach, large and small intestines, pancreas, spleen, and gallbladder. SYSTEMS:  Groups of organs combine together to form a SYSTEM. Each system performs complex functions. For instance, respiratory system consists of NOSE, PHARYNX, LARYNX (VOICE BOX), TRACHEA (WINDPIPE), BRONCHIAL TUBES, AND LUNGS. Now we can see each system and its organs: 1. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM: This system contains mouth, pharynx (throat), esophagus, stomach, intestines (small and large intestines), liver, gallbladder, and pancreas. 2. URINARY AND EXCRETORY SYSTEM: This systems consists of kidneys, ureters (from these tubes urine comes out of the kidneys to urinary bladder), urinary bladder, urethra (from this opening urine ...

Combination of a group of similar or same kind of cells. They combine to work together to do a particular or specific job. For example, a) EPITHELIA TISSUE is lining the internal organs of our body i.e. their function is to lining an organ that is these tissues covering the outside of the body organs, as well as inner suface of internal organs too. Epi-means outer. b) MUSCLE TISSUE, two types of muscle tissues (voluntary and involuntary), voluntary muscles are controlling our arms and legs where the movement is voluntary i.e. movement is in our control. At the same time involuntary muscles is in our heart (CARDIAC MUSCLE-a specialized muscle found in the heart) and gastrointestinal system, and also other parts of the body too where the movement is involuntary i.e. not in our control. c) CONNECTIVE TISSUE, blood, fat, cartilage, and bone are the examples of connective tissue, because they differ much from other tissues. CARTILAGE is an elastic fibrous tissue attached b...