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MORE NEW IMPORTANT PREFIXES 1. a-, an- means no, not, without apnea-no breathing anoxia-without oxygen 2. ab- means away from abnormal-away from normal 3. ad- means toward adduction-a muscle draws the body towards the median plane 4. ana- means up, apart anabolism-process of burning energy up 5. ante-before, forward antecebum-before meals anteflexion-bending forward antepartum-before delivery 6. anti- means against antisepsis- against infection 7. auto- means self, own autoimmune-immune protection 8. bi- means two bifurcation-dividing into two bilateral-two sides 9. brady- means slow bradycardia-slow heart beat 10. cata- means down catabolism- process of burning energy down 11. con- means with, together congenital anomaly-abnormal condition of childs connective-to connect 12. contra- means against, opposite contraindication-against indication contralateral-opposite sides 13. de- means down, lack of dehydration-lack of water in the body 14

MORE NEW IMPORTANT COMBINING FORMS 1. carp/o means wrist bones. 2. cib/o means meals 3. cis/o means to cut 4. cost/o means rib 5. cutane/o means skin 6. dactyl/o means fingers, toes 7. duct/o means to lead, carry 8. flex/o means to bend 9. furc/o means forking, branching 10. glosso/o means tongue 11. glyco/o means sugar 12. immun/o means protection 13. morph/o means shape, form 14. mort/o means death 15. nat/i means birth 16. nect/o means to bind, tie, connect 17. norm/o means rule, order 18. ox/o means oxygen 19. seps/o means infection 20. somn/o means sleep 21. son/o means sound 22. the/o means to put, place 23. thyr/o means shield 24. top/o means place, position, location 25. tox/o means poison 26. trache/o means windpipe, trachea 27. urethr/o means urethra MORE NEW IMPORTANT SUFFIXES 1. –blast means embryonic, immature cells 2. –cyesis means pregnancy 3. –drome means to run 4. –fusion means to pour 5. –gen means pro

Tonsils are lymphatic tissue in the throat. They contain white blood cells (lymphocytes) and function to filter and fight bacteria, but they can also become infected and inflamed. Streptococcal infection of the throat can cause tonsillitis, which leads to the procedure of tonsillectomy. Tonsillitis is an infection of the tonsils and will often, but not necessarily, cause a sore throat and fever. There are 3 main types of tonsillitis: acute, subacute and chronic. Acute tonsillitis can either be bacterial or viral in origin. Subacute tonsillitis is caused by the bacterium Actinomyces. Chronic tonsillitis, which can last for long periods if not treated, is almost always bacterial. Symptoms of tonsillitis include a severe sore throat (which may be experienced as referred pain to the ears), painful/difficult swallowing, crouch coughing, headache, fever and chills. Tonsillitis is characterized by signs of red, swollen tonsils which may have a purulent exudativ coating

In medicine, ischemia is a restriction in blood supply, generally due to factors in the blood vessels, with resultant damage or dysfunction of tissue. It may also be spelled ischaemia or ischæmia. Ischemia- Isch/o means hold back, -emia means blood from a part of the body. A tissue that becomes ischemic loses its normal flow of blood and becomes deprived of oxygen. The ischemia can be caused by mechanical injury to a blood vessel, by blood clots lodging in a vessel, or by the gradual closing off (occlusion) of a vessel owing to of fatty material. Rather than in hypoxia (less oxygen), a more general term denoting a shortage of oxygen (usually a result of lack of oxygen in the air being breathed), ischemia is an absolute or relative shortage of the blood supply to an organ. Relative shortage means the mismatch of blood supply (oxygen delivery) and blood request for adequate oxygenation of tissue. Ischemia results in tissue damage because of a lack of oxygen and nutrients