Parathyroid Gland Disorders - 324

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Parathyroid gland disorders is the topic matter of this post. In this article, we will see about the main abnormal conditions of parathyroid gland, such as, hyperparathyroidism and hypoparathyroidism.  Parathyroid gland is one of the important gland that is with thyroid gland. These are two small glands that are present inside the neck. They are two important endocrine glands that produce parathyroid hormone. The main function of parathormone is to control the level of calcium inside bones and bloodstream.  A grain-sized four small glands present superiorly and inferiorly on each side of thyroid of two is the parathyroid gland. When these glands fail to secrete or secrete less or more parathormone, human body will be affected with some abnormal conditions. We will see what are they now.

Hyperparathyroidism: This is an abnormal condition of secreting excessive parathormone. When they secrete more, the level of calcium in the blood and bones increase, which is an abnormal condition known as hypercalcemia. Due to this condition, bones are decalcified and they may fracture at any time. Cysts also may form inside bones known as osteitis fibrosa cystica. The excessive calcium may be deposited in kidneys and so form kidney stones. The treatment for this is to remove the abnormal parathyroid hormone.

Hypoparathyroidism:  This is due to abnormal secretion of low parathormone. Because of this kind of less production of parathormone, calcium level in the blood and bones are reduced. This abnormal condition is called as hypocalcemia and due to this weakness of muscles and nerves happen. This abnormal state is named as tetany, it is a condition of persisting contraction of muscles. The treatment for this state is to administer calcium with vitamin D.

In the next post, we will read about abnormal conditions of adrenal cortex, an important endocrine gland. Okay. 


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