Hormones and Their Functions - Lesson 297

-

Endocrine glands are ductless glands. We will now see hormones and their functions. Exocrine glands have ducts to secrete their secretions inside the bloodstream, such as sweat glands. Exocrine gland functions are different from endocrine glands. They secrete chemical compounds named as hormones into the bloodstream to maintain some important functions of the body. Human brain has two important endocrine glands, such as pituitary and pineal gland in the center portion of the brain. Thyroid and parathyroid glands are present in the neck portion. Thymus gland is present behind the sternum in the mediastinum. Pancreas is an endocrine gland that is present in the liver. Adrenal glands are present above each kidney. Ovaries are present in the female reproductive system and testes are the endocrine glands that are present in the male reproductive system. Now we will see what are the hormones they secrete to maintain important functions of the human body. In fact, the functions of two endocrine glands, such as pineal gland in the center portion of the brain and thymus gland in the back of the sternum are unknown. But these two glands have no ducts and so are added in the endocrine glands group.

Animal Hormones and Their Functions

Now we will see some organs work as endocrine glands and secrete hormones and their functions. The pineal gland secretes a hormone named as melatonin. Melatonin involves in the process of skin pigmentation in the lower animals, for example frogs and fishes. In mammals, melatonin affects the brain and so influence the rate of gonad maturation. Sex glands like ovaries and testes in combination are termed as gonads. Thymus gland secretes a hormone named as thymosis, which helps in the development of immune response in children.  Thymus gland shrinks in size as the child grows.  Some organs like kidney secretes a hormone named as erythropoietin. Erythropoietin involves in the process of development of RBCs or red blood cells by bone tissues or bone marrow. The other three hormones named as cholecystokinin, gastrin, and secretin are secreted by intestines that is alimentary canal. Skin also acts as an endocrine gland, as it secretes vitamin D, which is also considered as a hormone. Calcium functions as a hormone to help absorb calcium from the GI tract.

In the next lesson, we will see about other glands and hormones and their functions. Okay. Come on.

Home Page:

To go to the prior lesson about Human Endocrine System, please click the link below.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

IMPORTANT RADIOLOGY NUCLEAR MEDICINE TERMS-3-LESSON 148

-
1. Magnetic resonance imaging- A magnetic ground radio signals are used to outline sagittal, coronal, and axial pictures of the body. 2. Megavoltage- High-energy radiation engendered by means of an equipment and employed in restorative x-ray analysis intended for cancer. 3. Nuclear medicine- This is a medical speciality, which examines and employs of radioactive materials called radionuclides within identification and treatment of ailment. 4. Orthovoltage- Emission of low-energy radioactive waves that are employed in pain-killing radiation therapy and exterior skin cancer diseases. 5. Palliative- Means just soothing or painkilling, not curing completely that is not possible. 6. PET scan or positron emission tomography- Radioactive materials are administered using intravenous route and these substances give out positrons. They generate a cross-sectional picture of the metabolism of the body. These images symbolize local concentration of the radio
Read more

HUMAN BONE STRUCTURE - LESSON 200

-
Now in this post we will learn about the structure of the bone. In our human body there are 206 bones of different types are there. The thigh, lower leg, and upper and lower arm consists of long bones. These bones have large surface areas for muscle attachment and are very strong, are broad at the ends where they join with other bones. There are five types of bones in the human body. The five types are long, short, flat, irregular, and sesamoid. 1. Long bones:- These bones are comprised mostly of compact bone and lower amounts marrow, which is located within the medullary cavity, and spongy bone and are characterized by a shaft, the diaphysis, that is much larger in length than breadth. These bones are mostly present in the limbs, including those of the fingers and toes are long bones. Except the wrist, ankle, and kneecap these long bones are located in most. 2. Short bones:- These short bones are generally cube shaped and having a thin layer of compact bone surrounding a
Read more

The Longest Medical Word

-
Image
Today, we will know about an interesting medical term in medical language. This post is just to know about a different thing in the medical language, though this word is used very rarely in our day-to-day medical transcription work. The longest medical word is "Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis"!!!!!. Can you read at least Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis.  Now, we will see the meaning of this word.  To know the meaning shall we split the word by word. Okay.  1.  Pneumono 2.  Ultramicrosopic 3.  Silico 4.  Volcano 5.  Conosis. So, Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis comprises of 5 medical words and in combination, they give a meaning of a certain kind of disease condition related to lungs.  Now, we will see the meaning of each to get the combined understanding of the longest medical word. Pneumono means lungs, ultramicroscopic - means minute, silico means silicon, volcano means eruption, and conosis means abnorm
Read more