Degenerative Eye Diseases - Lesson 274

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In the previous lessons, we have studied a list of eye diseases with eye diseases in children, and diabetic eye diseases. In this post, we will learn about retinitis pigmentosa and strabismus. As a medical transcription learner, you should know about these two diseases. In all the ENT medical files, you will hear about these medical terminologies often. This lesson concludes with these two diseases and we will learn about ENT clinical procedures from the next post. As of we have studied common pathological conditions of the eye, such as cataract, chalazion, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, hordoleum or stye, macular degeneration, and retinal detachment. Please read again those posts once again and memorize all the terms.

Retinitis Pigmentosa: This is a very bad disease kind of the eye. It may lead to incurable blindess to the eye. Retinitis pigmentosa is termed in short as RP. If a patient is affected with this disease, he or she may get blindness in nights that follows tunnel vision chronically. The patient has some vision until his 50s even if he is affected with this in the early ages. Some children too are affected with this. Retinal pigmentosa is progressive illness with both atropy and dystrophy of the retina with pigmentation. Decreased vision is the main symptom of this abnormal condition, particularly with night blindness termed as nyctalopia.

Strabismus: This is an abnormal condition of the improper alignment of the eye levels. The other names of this are crossed eye, squint, and lazy eye. This state happens while there is a lack of coordination of extraocular muscles. This is an abnormal deviated eye condition. When one gets strabismus, he cannot see in the same direction, as the extraocular muscles could not control the position of the eyes. There are five types of strabismus. They are estropia, extropia, hypertropia, diplopia, and amblyopia. Now we will see about one by one now.

In estropia, one eye turns inwardly and so looks cross-eyed. Estropia is an opposite condition of outward turning of the eye and called as wall-eyed. In hypertropia, the eye is deviated upward. This can be treated with lenses for correction and with some eye exercises and with patching or sometimes with surgery to get balanced muscles. Diplopia and amblyopia are strabismus condition in children in common. Some children may get loss of vision partially called as lazy eye. Amblyopia may get reversed if the retina if fully developed.

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