GASTROINTESTINAL-IMPORTANT TERMS-2-LESSON 60
1. Emulsification-large fat molecular globules break up into smaller molecular globules. This increases the surface area of the fat and then fat is digested by the enzymes.
2. Enzyme- A protein that speeds up a reaction between chemical substances as a catalyst to induce chemical changes in other substances, itself remaining apparently unchanged by the process.
3. Esophagus- The portion of the digestive canal between the pharynx and stomach. It is about 25 cm long and consists of three parts: the cervical part, from the cricoid cartilage to the thoracic inlet; the thoracic part, from the thoracic inlet to the diaphragm; and the abdominal part, below the diaphragm to the cardiac opening of the stomach.
4. Feces- bowel discharge while defecation or excretion, they are solid wastes called stools consist of food residues, epithelium, mucus of the intestines, waste food materials, and bacteria.
5. Fatty acids- the acids developed during fat digestion called hydrolysis. These acids contain long chains of monobasic organic acid.
6. Glycogen- principal carbohydrate reserve found in liver and muscle and converted into glucose. They are animal starch material. These are stored in the liver as glycogen.
7. Glucose- carbohydrates or simple sugars.
8. Gallbladder- on the inferior surface of the liver, there is one sac like pear-shaped structure, which stores bile.
9. Hydrochloric acid- an essential acid for digestion produced by the stomach called gastric juice. Another name is muriatic acid.
10. Hepatic portal system- the small blood capillaries carrying blood to the liver. These vessels are in abdominal viscera.
11. Insulin- the beta cells of islets of Langerhans of the pancreas produces this hormone. This is an polypeptide hormone supports utilization of glucose, protein synthesis, and the production and storage of neutral lipids.
12. Incisor- four frontal teeth in the dental arch
13. Ileum- Intestine-third part, which is the longest part of the small intestine for about 12 feet in length in human, which is slightly twisted in structure. Lesser in diameter than the second part.
14. Jejunum-Second part of the small intestine for about 8 feet in length. This part is probably mostly empty all the time. Larger in diameter with a thicker wall and being more vascular in nature, so in red color.
15. Liver-Largest organ in the right upper quadrant and the largest gland in the body, which lies underneath the diaphragm in the right hypochondrium and the upper part of the epigastric region. The liver only secretes bile and stores glucose and vitamins, and manufactures blood proteins, and also wipe out red blood cells. The normal adult liver weight is 2.5 to 3 pounds.
16. Mastication- the process of chewing food preparing for swallowing the food and digestion. Teeth grind food by communicating with the food.
17. Parotid gland- This is the largest salivary gland situated inferior and anterior to the ear on either side of the face.
2. Enzyme- A protein that speeds up a reaction between chemical substances as a catalyst to induce chemical changes in other substances, itself remaining apparently unchanged by the process.
3. Esophagus- The portion of the digestive canal between the pharynx and stomach. It is about 25 cm long and consists of three parts: the cervical part, from the cricoid cartilage to the thoracic inlet; the thoracic part, from the thoracic inlet to the diaphragm; and the abdominal part, below the diaphragm to the cardiac opening of the stomach.
4. Feces- bowel discharge while defecation or excretion, they are solid wastes called stools consist of food residues, epithelium, mucus of the intestines, waste food materials, and bacteria.
5. Fatty acids- the acids developed during fat digestion called hydrolysis. These acids contain long chains of monobasic organic acid.
6. Glycogen- principal carbohydrate reserve found in liver and muscle and converted into glucose. They are animal starch material. These are stored in the liver as glycogen.
7. Glucose- carbohydrates or simple sugars.
8. Gallbladder- on the inferior surface of the liver, there is one sac like pear-shaped structure, which stores bile.
9. Hydrochloric acid- an essential acid for digestion produced by the stomach called gastric juice. Another name is muriatic acid.
10. Hepatic portal system- the small blood capillaries carrying blood to the liver. These vessels are in abdominal viscera.
11. Insulin- the beta cells of islets of Langerhans of the pancreas produces this hormone. This is an polypeptide hormone supports utilization of glucose, protein synthesis, and the production and storage of neutral lipids.
12. Incisor- four frontal teeth in the dental arch
13. Ileum- Intestine-third part, which is the longest part of the small intestine for about 12 feet in length in human, which is slightly twisted in structure. Lesser in diameter than the second part.
14. Jejunum-Second part of the small intestine for about 8 feet in length. This part is probably mostly empty all the time. Larger in diameter with a thicker wall and being more vascular in nature, so in red color.
15. Liver-Largest organ in the right upper quadrant and the largest gland in the body, which lies underneath the diaphragm in the right hypochondrium and the upper part of the epigastric region. The liver only secretes bile and stores glucose and vitamins, and manufactures blood proteins, and also wipe out red blood cells. The normal adult liver weight is 2.5 to 3 pounds.
16. Mastication- the process of chewing food preparing for swallowing the food and digestion. Teeth grind food by communicating with the food.
17. Parotid gland- This is the largest salivary gland situated inferior and anterior to the ear on either side of the face.
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