HERNIA-A MEDICAL TRANSCRIPTIONIST MUST KNOW-2-LESSON 38

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TYPES OF HERNIAS:  INGUINAL HERNIA: This type of hernia occurs in the groin (the area between the abdomen and thigh). It is called inguinal

because the intestines push through a weak spot in the inguinal canal, which is a triangle-shaped opening between layers of abdominal muscle near the groin. Obesity, pregnancy, heavy lifting, and straining to pass stool can cause the intestine to push against the inguinal canal.

Symptoms of inguinal hernia: These may include a lump in the groin near the thigh, pain in the groin, and in severe cases, partial or complete blockage of the intestine. The doctor diagnoses hernia by doing a physical exam and by taking X-rays and blood tests to check for blockage in the intestine.

Treatment: Repair of inguinal hernias done by using laparoscopic techniques.

HIATAL HERNIA (HIATUS HERNIA): A hiatal hernia develops in a small opening in the diaphragm that allows the upper part of the stomach to move up into the chest. It causes heartburn from the stomach acid that flows back up through the opening.

EPIGASTRIC HERNIA: This type of hernia occurs as a result of a weakness in the muscles of the upper-middle abdomen, above the navel. Men are about three times more likely to have an epigastric hernia than women, and the majority occur in people between 20 and 50 years of age.

UMBILICAL HERNIA: Another natural area of weakness in the abdomen is the navel, which is made up of tissue that is thinner than that in the rest of the abdomen. These hernias can occur in babies, children and adults.

FEMORAL HERNIA: A femoral hernia occurs in the area between the abdomen and the thigh, and appears as a bulge on the upper thigh. This type of hernia is more common in women than men.

INCISIONAL HERNIA: A type of hernia called incisional can occur at the site of an incision from a previous surgery. The fat or tissue pushes through a weakness created by the surgical scar. An incisional hernia can occur months or years after the initial surgery.

TREATMENT FOR HERNIA: For small, non-strangulated and non-incarcerated hernias, various supports and trusses may offer temporary, symptomatic relief. However, the best treatment is herniorrhaphy (surgical closure or repair of the muscle wall through which the hernia protrudes).

When the weakened area is very large, some strong synthetic material may be sewn over the defect to reinforce the weak area. Postoperative care involves protecting the patient from respiratory infections that might cause coughing or sneezing, which would strain the suture line. Recovery is usually quick and complete.

In the next lesson we will see about amniocentesis..ok

Come on..

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