GASTROINTESTINAL-IMPORTANT TERMS-1-LESSON 59
1. Anus- The lower opening of the digestive tract, lying in the cleft between the buttocks, through which fecal matter is extruded.
2. Amylase- One of a group of hydrolyzing enzymes that cleave starch, glycogen secreted by the pancreas.
3. Amino Acids- acids containing ammonium digest protein and are the building material of proteins.
4. Appendix- A wormlike intestinal diverticulum extending from the blind end of the cecum; it varies in length and ends in a blind extremity. (ap-means on, pend/o means hanging).
5. Alimentary canal-food canal i.e. gastrointestinal tract. Alimentum means nourishment.
6. Absorption-Taking in of food through the intestinal walls and then absorption of it into the bloodstream.
7. Bowel- Intestine
8. Bilirubin- A yellow bile pigment found as sodium bilirubinate (soluble), or as an insoluble calcium salt in gallstones; formed from hemoglobin during normal and abnormal destruction of erythrocytes by the reticuloendothelial system; a bilin with substituents on the 2, 3, 7, 8, 12, 13, 17, and 18 carbon atoms and with oxygens on carbons 1 and 19. Excess bilirubin is associated with jaundice.
9. Bile- The yellowish brown or green fluid secreted by the liver and discharged into the duodenum where it aids in the emulsification of fats, increases peristalsis, and retards putrefaction; contains sodium glycocholate and sodium taurocholate, cholesterol, biliverdin and bilirubin, mucus, fat, lecithin, and cells and cellular debris.
10. Common bile duct-This carries the bile from the liver, gallbladder, and duodenum.
11. Cecum- The cul-de-sac, about 6 cm in depth, lying below the terminal ileum forming the first part of the large intestine.
12. Colon- The division of the large intestine extending from the cecum to the rectum, which consists of ascending, transverse, and descending parts.
13. Canine teeth-referring to the cuspid or point, dog-like, canine, distal to the incisors. The another name for this teeth is eyeteeth.
14. Deglutition-the act of swallowing.
15. Dentin-this is a protective layer covered by enamel in the crown of a teeth, which is composed of cementum.
16. Digestion- The mechanical, chemical, and enzymatic process whereby ingested
food is converted into material suitable for assimilation for synthesis of tissues or
liberation of energy.
17. Duodenum- The first division of the small intestine, about 25 cm or 12 fingerbreadths in length, extending from the pylorus to the junction with the jejunum at the level of the first or second lumbar vertebra on the left side.
2. Amylase- One of a group of hydrolyzing enzymes that cleave starch, glycogen secreted by the pancreas.
3. Amino Acids- acids containing ammonium digest protein and are the building material of proteins.
4. Appendix- A wormlike intestinal diverticulum extending from the blind end of the cecum; it varies in length and ends in a blind extremity. (ap-means on, pend/o means hanging).
5. Alimentary canal-food canal i.e. gastrointestinal tract. Alimentum means nourishment.
6. Absorption-Taking in of food through the intestinal walls and then absorption of it into the bloodstream.
7. Bowel- Intestine
8. Bilirubin- A yellow bile pigment found as sodium bilirubinate (soluble), or as an insoluble calcium salt in gallstones; formed from hemoglobin during normal and abnormal destruction of erythrocytes by the reticuloendothelial system; a bilin with substituents on the 2, 3, 7, 8, 12, 13, 17, and 18 carbon atoms and with oxygens on carbons 1 and 19. Excess bilirubin is associated with jaundice.
9. Bile- The yellowish brown or green fluid secreted by the liver and discharged into the duodenum where it aids in the emulsification of fats, increases peristalsis, and retards putrefaction; contains sodium glycocholate and sodium taurocholate, cholesterol, biliverdin and bilirubin, mucus, fat, lecithin, and cells and cellular debris.
10. Common bile duct-This carries the bile from the liver, gallbladder, and duodenum.
11. Cecum- The cul-de-sac, about 6 cm in depth, lying below the terminal ileum forming the first part of the large intestine.
12. Colon- The division of the large intestine extending from the cecum to the rectum, which consists of ascending, transverse, and descending parts.
13. Canine teeth-referring to the cuspid or point, dog-like, canine, distal to the incisors. The another name for this teeth is eyeteeth.
14. Deglutition-the act of swallowing.
15. Dentin-this is a protective layer covered by enamel in the crown of a teeth, which is composed of cementum.
16. Digestion- The mechanical, chemical, and enzymatic process whereby ingested
food is converted into material suitable for assimilation for synthesis of tissues or
liberation of energy.
17. Duodenum- The first division of the small intestine, about 25 cm or 12 fingerbreadths in length, extending from the pylorus to the junction with the jejunum at the level of the first or second lumbar vertebra on the left side.
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