Fifth Vital Signs

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We have already learnt about normal vital signs, that are taken into consideration while diagnosing a patient's normal physical condition to come into some diagnostic conclusions during physical examination.  Normally, vital signs are temperature, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and heart rate.



Apart from these normal vital signs, secondarily some vital signs are also taken into consideration are menstrual cycle, Glasgow Coma Scale, pulse oximetry, and blood glucose levels.  The knowledge of these secondary vital signs are essential while concluding some advanced diagnostics.  We will see about the fifth vital signs one by one.

1.  Glasgow Coma Scale or GCS:  It is a neurological measure of recording a conscious state of a patient in relation to the assessment of the disease condition.  The scores are the lowest of 3 and the maximum of 14 to 15. In common, GCS is calculated in a patient after a head injury to measure the score of consciousness level.




2.  Pain:  Pain is a response stimuli of damage intensity of a patient's physiological or psychological trauma. The more intense the trauma level, the more intense pain response from a patient. So, this is taken as one of the main fifth vital sign to diagnose the trauma level or intensity of a disease.




3.  Menstrual cycle:  This fifth vital sign is used to detect the probability of pregnancy in a female patient. The symptoms upon which a female gets a menstrual cycle are taken into consideration before diagnosing a disease.




4.  Pulse oximetry: This is nothing, but measuring a patient's oxygen saturation level and the maximum is 100%. There are 2 types of blood saturati
ons, such as peripheral blood saturation in short SpO2, and arterial oxygen saturation or SaO2.  Generally, A wrist or earlobe mounted remote sensor pulse oximeter with plethysmograph may be used to measure pulse oximety levels.



5.  Blood glucose level:  Sugar test to identify a patient's blood glucose level is another important fifth vital sign that will reveal how the patient's glucose is converted to energy in the blood stream.  High or low blood sugars are very well understood based on their consequences in the body.

In the next lesson, we will see about Sixth Vital Signs.  Okay.  To go the prior lesson about What are Vital Signs? please click here.

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