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Use of Gerunds in English Grammar is the content of this lesson.  We learned about superlatives in the last lesson. That is in conversation of simple sentences, we use the parts of a sentence in a manner subject-Auxiliary-Verb. This can be of any tense either of the 16 tenses. Let us see the following more examples on this infinitives.  1. I am going 'to see' my aunt at 4 a.m. (Present Continuous) 2. Mrs. Sekar is fast 'to catch' her train. (Present) 3. Jil ran 'to escape' from his assailant. (simple past) 4. Anjali was present in the class 'to give' her attendance. (past) 5. Pooma was delighted 'to capture' the intruder. (past) 6. I am here 'to talk' to the Maths teacher. (present) 7. The students will arrive here soon 'to appear' for the interview. (future) 8. The drama participants will be coming now 'to eat' their dinner. (future continuous) 9. The post man has been waiting here for...

Therefore we came to the conclusion that we use the superlatives in answers to any kind of general or specific questions. Let us know the way how to identify a particular person or thing out of so many which are in the top position? In some cases we use the expression "one of the" before the superlative and we also use the noun in plural after the superlative adjective, i.e., "students", "posts". Some of the examples are: 1. Hazel is one of the best students in our school. 2. Isn't Tennyson one of the greatest poets that ever lived? 3. M.F.Hussain was not the greatest of all painters but one was one of the greatest painter. 4. Russia is one of the most technological country in the world. 5. One of the best singers of the team arrives today. 6. None of the most perfect disciples was ready to preach to the people in this city. 6. Isn't lemon one of the best fruits we saw in our country? 7. This is one of the most expen...

In the recent post you have seen that three kinds of  adjectives usage . Now in this post we would learn further information about the degrees of comparison. Then how and when to use the Comparative degree? The comparative degree is used whenever the quality is expressed which is superior to positive degrees. We note that the value of two qualities, one will overcome the other in some way. Inorder to express the difference in the quality, this comparative degree is used. A comparative my work like positive in its job as an adjective. Hence we describe it as a noun, and we must place it just to the left of a noun.  For Example: 1. Rita is a prettier girl than Dancy. In this example we have used the comparative degree - PRETTIER - followed by the word 'than'. We must use 'than' in sentences of comparative degree or otherwise the sentence is wrong. Here in the above example we have compared Dancy with Rita or Rita with Dancy. We have given result positively about Ri...

In the last lesson this post we would learn the remaining portion of adjective.  This posts explains about Degrees of Comparison.  We are learning Medical Transcription Course for Free here. Degrees of Adjectives: The adjectives which we are using in simple are said to be in positive degree. There are two more degrees. They are comparative degree and superlative degree. In most of the comparative degrees we add the letters er, ier to the positive degree and for the superlative degrees we add the letters est, iest to the positive degree. For adjectives of multi syllables or long words, we add more (or less) for the comparatives and most (or least) for superlatives like this, Let us see some of the words and their degrees of comparison. SL.NO POSITIVE                       COMPARATIVE          ...

Prior Lesson In this post we come to learn about ‘past perfect conditional statements’ and usage of ‘unless’ in conditional statements.  We use the ‘past perfect conditional statements’ only for past tense cases. In one past of the sentence we use ‘future in the past’ auxiliaries like would, have, ought to have, etc., and any past perfect or past perfect continuous form of verb in the other as shown in the following examples.  1. Wouldn’t I have gone to the spot if you had told me earlier? 2. If the teacher had not guided me, I couldn’t have come in this position. 3. The doctor might not have stumbled upon this medicine if his patients had not been complaining about the ever increasing temperature. 4. The actors ought to have reported for shooting early this morning if the film Director had been reminding them about it for 2 days. 5. I could have killed that snake if I had had a stick in my hand. 6. You could have borrowed your frie...

Now in this post we would learn about ‘past conditional statements’.  The auxiliaries like would, should, could or might is used in one part of the complex sentence and any past or continuous form of verb including auxiliary cum verb or past perfect form, in the other. But, in the meanwhile the tense of the statement remains in present time. Let us study the following examples from the view of the period of the time of the statement: 1. Would you help my daughter in her studies? (simple present tense) 2. I would help him if he asked me. 3. I couldn’t help her if she did not ask for it. Note: Under the present conditional statements there is no difference between the above three statements. In this case the auxiliaries used are different. Another way of determining this types of sentences are if we use a past equivalent form of auxiliary in one part of the sentence, we must use a past form of verb in the other. Yet, the entire sentence will belong to ...

In the prior lesson, we have read about ' how to use 'Dare' as an auxiliary verb '.  Now, let us come to study about a new topic namely ‘conditional statements’.  What is a Conditional Statement? A conditional statement is a statement or an undertaking wherein we agree or obey to do a work on the fulfillment of some conditions mentioned in the statement.  The tense rules are strictly followed in this types of conditional statement also called a complex sentence. In this type of complex sentences we use all the universal auxiliaries. These conditional statements are classified into three categories mainly. They are 1. Open conditional statements 2. Past conditional statements and 3. Past perfect conditional statements  Now let us see how is this open conditional statements used in the sentences.   We are learn  medical transcription lessons  in this blog. OPEN CONDITIONAL STATEMENTS: This statement is made only for simple present te...

DARE:   Dare is an auxiliary and also a verb. The uses of dare as an auxiliary are: 1. When we want to give the exact meaning “be brave enough to----“ in a sentence. 2. This auxiliary is used only in simple present tense. Related to the auxiliary verb ‘dare’ only one rule is observed. In simple present tense, the auxiliary verb ‘dare’ is used in present form. Example of the structure of the sentence is: 1. How dare you talk to me like this? 2. I dare not insult you madam. Someone has misinformed you. Note: In the general questions form, we can use only ‘how’, we cannot use other interrogatives. In the above question the starting is with ‘how’ but it need not to be with dare. It may be with any other suitable present auxiliaries.  We are learning free MT course in this blog. Some more examples are given below. 1. Do you dare touch a live tiger? 2. The dog dare not attack the visitors. 3. That man dare not hit my daughter in my presence. 4. They...

Last lesson dealt in our free MT course blog was about how to use ' ought to ' as an auxiliary verb. In this post we would learn about a new topic of auxiliary verb ‘need’.  Need is a verb and an auxiliary, by using need in any tense needed is used in any tense with the appropriate auxiliary. Use of need as an auxiliary:  1. When we want to give the meaning ‘necessity or importance or obligation’ in a sentence. 2. In the question forms usually. Some of the rules and regulations of this auxiliary verb are: 1. In the simple present tense the auxiliary ‘need’ is used in the present form of the verb. 2. In the present continuous tense the auxiliary ‘need be’ is used in the present ending in –ing  form of the verb. 3. In the future in the past tense, the auxiliary ‘need have’ is used in the past participle form of the verb. 4. In the future in the past continuous tense, the auxiliary ‘need have been’ is used in the present in –ing form of the verb. Whenever the sen...

Last lesson in our free MT course blog  dealt about the usage of ' MUST ' as an auxiliary verb. Now we will see about the uses of  “Ought to”: 1. To show or express duty or obligation (Ought to is stronger than Must) or expectations. 2. It is used in the future in the past tense.  Some of the rules for ought to are: 1. In simple present tense this auxiliary ‘ought to’ is used in the present form of the verb. 2. In present continuous tense this auxiliary ‘ought to be’ is used in the verb in the present form of –ing. 3. In future in the past tense this auxiliary ‘ought to have’ is used in the verb in the past participle of the verb.  4. In future in the past continuous tense this auxiliary ‘ought to have been’ is used in the verb in the present ending in –ing form. Whenever the sentence of the structure expresses duty or obligation, then some of the examples of the structures of the sentences are given below. 1. The passengers ought to report at the enq...

In the series of learning medical transcription course , we dealt about ' WOULD ' usage in the prior lesson. Now we will study about the use of MUST as an auxiliary verb in English grammar.  Uses of  ‘must’: 1. Must is used as an auxiliary to show duty or obligation (Here ‘must’ is stronger than ‘should’) 2. Must is used in future in the past tense. Let us come to know certain rules which is used in the tense of auxiliary form of the verb. A. In the simple present tense form the auxiliary ‘must’ is used in the present form of the verb. B. In the present continuous tense form the auxiliary ‘mustbe’ is used in the present form ending with –ING. C. In the future in the past tense the auxiliary ‘must have’ is used in the past participle form. D. In the future in the past continuous tense ‘must have been’ is used in the present form ending in –ing. Whenever the structure of the sentence expresses duty or obligation, the structures is shown as below examples: 1. ...

Last post in our free medical transcription course dealt about the usage of SHOULD as an auxiliary verb.  This post aims to define the use of WOULD in the structure of sentences as shown.   Whenever the sentence of the structure is in the past equivalent of will in complex sentences, for that instance the examples are shown below. 1. Steve answered that he would be 40 next December. 2. The Lab Assistant promised that he would take a decision soon on our records to the training course. 3. You would tell me when you received your convocation certificate, wouldn’t you? 4. Didn’t you reply the Principal that the students would copy the answer sheet, Wouldn’t you? 5. You wouldn't return to your room until you had finished your office work, would you?  Whenever the sentence of the structure is used in ‘regular habit of present time or past time’, for that instance the examples are shown below. 1. Your dog would play with my small sister every morning. (This t...

Our blog for free MT course  explained about how to use SHOULD  as an auxiliary verb in English language.  In this post we would learn about the remaining topic of ‘should’ as an auxiliary. ‘Should’ as an auxiliary is used the structure of the sentence as for the surprise or annoyance. Some of the examples are: 1. How should you know where mother keeps the provisions? (This is in the Simple Present form). 2. Why should I know anything about Leukemia? (This is in the Simple Present form). 3. Why should I keep this book when he gives a bunch of papers related to the topic completely? (This is in the Simple Present form).  Whenever the sentence structure has the form of probability or expectations, the examples are 1. The students should be in their college now. (This is in the simple present form) (Be is used as verb here). 2. You should not reject formal invitations from seniors. (This is in the simple present form). 3. At this time, the Examiner shou...

In this lesson we would learn about the uses of ‘should’ as an auxiliary. 'Should' is used as follows: 1. This is used as the past equivalent of shall in sentences like complex sentences. Although, ‘shall’ is a future tense auxiliary, for issuing a command or order we use this ‘should’ in simple present tense or acknowledging it. 2. It is also used to express or exhibit duty or obligation on one’s part. 3. When we want to say, what is advisable in certain or particular situations or circumstances. 4. When expressing duty or obligation on one’s part. 5. It is also used in the ‘future in the past’ tense. 6. It is also used in simple present tense interrogatives to express surprise or annoyance. There are some rules regarding this auxiliary ‘should. They are: 1. In the simple present tense, the auxiliary ‘should’ is used in the verb of the present form. 2. In the present continuous tense, the auxiliary ‘should be’ is used in the verb of the present form. 3. In t...

We use this auxiliary ‘could’ in many cases. 1. In as the past equivalent of ‘can’ in complex sentence. 2. In past tense for past actions. 3. The term ‘could’ is more polite than ‘may’ which is used for making polite requests in simple present tense and future tense. 4. In simple present tense for purpose of ability or possibility. 5. In future in the past tense this ‘could’ is used. Let us come to know about some rules of tenses where this ‘could’ be used. 1. For simple present tense in the present form of the verb the auxiliary is ‘could’. 2. For present continuous tense in the present-in-ing form of the verb the auxiliary is ‘could be’. 3. For future tense in the present form of the verb the auxiliary is ‘could’. 4. For future continous tense in the present-in-ing form of the verb the auxiliary is ‘could be’. 5. For simple past tense in the present form of the verb the auxiliary is ‘could’. 6. For future in the past tense in the past participle form ...

Structure of a sentence: Future in the past tense In the total 14 tenses we covered only two time periods they are 1. Present Perfect tense and  2. Present Perfect Continuous tense. Now in this post we will learn about simple future tense which is used in the past. In this type of sentences for an action we have in mind; action has not started; action will take place only at a future time. So when we frame a sentence like “I will launch a program tomorrow”, in which we look into the future from the present time. In other case, we imagine that we live in the past time period and see towards the future, from that past time point, so that action is in our mind only. We call such a tense as Future in the past tense. Some of the examples which show the time period in which the auxiliary for this tense is “might have” and the verb in the PP form. 1. This problem might have solved if you had written in step by step method. (future in the past tense). 2. T...

may and might In the recent post we came through the forms of might. In this post we will discuss about “might” in more. Remember the following points: 1. The short form of might not is might n’t but we do not use the short form. 2. We should not frame negative or positive question. Negative general questions with an appropriate interrogative will be possible. Structure of a sentence - To reveal dissatisfaction: Using ‘might’ in simple present tense with present form of verb. 1. You might come to the meeting on time. (Here a nice way of conveying your displeasure when a staff comes late habitually is happening). 2. You might convey your wishes here and now. (Here a simple present tense is used in the above sentence). 3. You might not spend your free time in your friend’s house every week end. (Here also the same simple present tense is used). Structure of a sentence - For a future distant possibility: We...

MIGHT ‘Might’ is also used in several ways. 1. It is used to express some unsatisfaction in a simple way. 2. To determine a future distant possibility or happening. 3. For ‘may’ this ‘might’ is used as a past equivalent. 4. In the past tense future this ‘might’ is used. Let us study about the rules of using ‘might’ 1. In simple present ‘might’ is used in the present form of the verb. 2. In present continuous tense ‘might be’ is used in the present ending in –ing form of the verb. 3. In future tense ‘might’ is used in the present form of the verb. 4. In simple past (in complex sentences) ‘might’ is used in the present ending in –ing form of the verb. 5. In future in the past ‘might have’ is used in the past participle form of the verb. 6. In the future in the past continuous ‘might have been’ is used in the present ending in            -ing form of the verb. Structure of the sentences: (Hin...

Check out this product to Speak English confidently. Unique product with hundreds of situational conversations  Let us know about universal auxiliaries. So far we have learnt about 14 tenses and the formation of sentences. Now we would come to learn three pure auxiliaries. The three pure auxiliaries are will, shall and be which are used in future tense.But there are still 17 more pure auxiliaries left. They are CAN, MIGHT, MAY, SHOULD, COULD, WOULD, MUST, NEVER, USED TO, DARE, NEED, KEEP, KEPT, OUGHT TO, GOING TO, BEING and BEEN.  These 17 auxiliaries are also known as UNIVERSAL AUXILIARIES because they are used for all persons and they do not belong to any particular tense. We can use them in more than one tense. Some of the universal auxiliaries will require the help of other auxiliaries.Let us briefly know about each of the auxiliaries:1. CAN Inorder to show the ability or capacity to do a work this “can” should be used. We do not use can in cases where there is no re...