PATHOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF JOINTS - LESSON 227

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In this post we will learn some more pathological conditions in the Musculoskeletal system. Rheumatoid arthritis:-  This is a chronic disease in which joints become painful and inflamed. It is believed to be caused by an immune reaction and this reaction is against joint tissues and in which the small joints of the hands and feet are affected first and the larger joints later. Women are generally affected than men. Damaging the articular cartilage and stopping easy movements happen in synovial membranes which become thickened and inflamed. In some of the cases this fibrous forms of tissues calcify creating a bony ankylosis, which is the union or combination at the joint and stopping any movement at all. Swollen and painful joints associations with fever are the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. Blood test when taken will show the presence of rheumatoid factor of an antibody and x-rays will show persisting changes around the joints which are affected by the disease. The treatment also consists of heat applications and the drugs such as aspirin, cold compounds, and corticosteroids and these drugs are used to reduce and lower both the inflammation and pain.

Bunion:  The sudden swelling or abnormal swelling of the joint between the big toe and the first metatarsal bone.  Over the disease area of the foot, a bursa develops often and chronic irritation from ill-shaped shoes that can cause a buildup of soft tissue and the underlying bone.  If the treatment measures like changing the shoes and the intake of anti-inflammatory could not help, then it will lead to bunionectomy.

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS):  In this abnormal condition, the nerve it passes between the ligaments, bones, and tendons of the wrist carpal tunnel is affected by the continuous compression on it habitually. The persons are affected by the carpal tunnel syndrome are generally middle-aged women and men.  The symptoms of CTS are pain and burning sensations occur in the fingers and hand. The symptoms in some conditions may occur up to the level of elbow too.  Excessive movement of the wrists, arthritis, hypertrophy, and the swelling of the wrists are the reasons for the development of carpal tunnel syndrome.


Dislocation:  The displacement of replacement of a bone from its joint is called dislocation.  The displaced bones are normally restored to its proper position and immobilizing the joint for healing of the torn ligaments and tendons.  Subluxation is an abnormal condition, in which the bone is partially displaced.

Ganglion:  The development of a cystic mass from a tendon to the wrist is called a ganglion.

In the next post, we will learn about the remaining pathological conditions related to musculoskeletal system. OK.

Come on…

To go to the prior lesson from here please click the link below.
http://learn-free-medical-transcription.blogspot.com/2010/11/muscular-skeletal-joints-pathological.html

To go to the FIRST lesson from here please click the link below.
http://learn-free-medical-transcription.blogspot.com/2008/12/lesson-7-why-there-are-differences.html

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