DISSOCIATIVE, EATING, AND MOOD DISORDERS - LESSON 178

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Now in this post we would try to learn briefly about the remaining disorders.
Dissociative disorders:- These disorders are chronic or unexpected disturbances of memory, uniqueness, consciousness, or perception of the environment that are not caused by the direct effects of brain damage or drug abuse. There are four dissociative disorders. They are 1. Depersonalization disorder, 2. Dissociative amnesia, 3.Dissociative fugue and 4. Dissociative identity disorder.
Its symptoms can include
1. Multiple mannerisms, thoughts and faithfulnesstjat are not equal to each other.
2. Headaches and other body pains cannot be explained.
3. Deformation or loss of related time
4. Comorbidity.
5. Depersonalization.
6. Derealization.
7. Great memory loss
8. Depression
9. Flashbacks of abuse/ trauma.
10. Loss of familiarity and personal connections.
11. Numerous panic/anxiety attacks.
12. Auditory hallucinations of the personalities inside their mind.

Eating disorders:- The eating behaviour is very severe disturbance for these disorders. The causes of eating disorders are complex and not completely understood. Eating disorders are expected to affect 5-10 million females and 1 million males in the United States. Eventhough this is not yet renowned as separate disorder, binge eating disorder is the common eating disorder in the United States affecting 3.5% of females and 2% of males.

Examples of Eating disorders are anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Anorexia nervosa is a refusal to maintain a minimally normal body weight. The term anorexia means lack of appetite, is a misnomer because lack of appetite is rare.

Bulimianervosa in which bulima means abnormal increase in hunger and is characterized by binge eating. Examples of such behaviour are self-induced vomiting; misuse of laxatives, diuretics or enemas; and fasting or excessive exercise.

Mood disorders:- A prolonged emotion, such as depression or mania that dominates a patient's entire mental life. Examples of these disorders are bipolar disorders and depressive disorders.

Bipolar disorders in which bi means two and polo means extreme are characterized by one or more manic episodes alternating with depressive episodes. The predominant mood which is more elevated (euphoria), expensive, or irritable is a period called A manic episode. A psychiatric diagnosis that describes a category of mood disorders defined by the presence of one or more episodes of abnormally elevated mood are clinically referred to as mania or if milder hypomania. Cyclothymia in which cycl/o means cycle, thymi/o means mind is form of bipolar disorder in which there are many manic or hypomanic episodes intermixed with depressive episodes, but the episodes are not as severe or for a long duration.

Depressive disorders are marked by one or more major depressive episodes without a history of mania or hypomania. This major depressive disorder is also known as clinical depression or unipolar depression or unipolar disorder which is a mental disorder by an all-encompassing low mood accompanied by low self-esteem and loss of interest or pleasure in normally enjoyable activities. This term was selected by the American Psychiatric Association to designate this symptom cluster as a mood disorder in1980 version.
Major depression involves severe dysphoria which means sadness, hopelessness, worry, discouragement. Other symptoms are appetite disturbances and changes in weight, sleep disorders such as insomnia or hypersomnia, fatigue or low energy, feelings of worthlessness, hopelessness, or excessive or inappropriate guilt, difficulty thinking or concentrating, and recurrent thoughts of death or suicide. Dysthymia is also depressive disorder which are sometimes found in major depression.

An episode of depressive disorder and a particular 60-day period of the year is noted by the physicians. A regular appearance of depression will occur between the beginning of October and the end of November. This is referred to as the seasonal affective disorder.

In the next post we would learn about Personality disorders.  Okay.

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