RESPIRATORY SYSTEM MEDICINES-LESSON 164

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Now in this lesson we will learn about Respiratory Drugs and their types
Respiratory Drugs:- These drugs are given for the treatment of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), allergy, asthma, bronchitis, cystic fibrosis, lung disease, smoking cessation, pneumonia, emphysema, sinus infections, and others. Bronchodilators are used to open the air passages and can be administered by injection or inhalers like aerosol. These drugs also reduce inflammation in nasal passages. There are varieties of Respiratory Drugs.
1. Bronchodilators:- These medicines are helpful to open the bronchial tubes of the lungs, allowing more air to flow through them.
Exs:- 1. Albuterol (Proventil)
2. Aminophylline (Amoline)
3. (Nembutal)
4. Epinephrine
5. Theophyline (Theo-Dur)
2. Steroid:- Steroids are the drugs that doctors typically prescribe tohelp control inflammation in the body. They are often used for control conditions like asthma and lupus.
Exs:- 1. Beclomethasone (Becloven)
2. Vancenase Nasal Inhaler
Sedatives:- The drugs that relax and calm nervousness and permitting to sleep. These generally work by modulating signals within the central nervous system. Hypnotics are sedative drugs that produce sleep. Most sedatives also have addictive potential. For all these reasons, sedatives are used under supervision and only when prescribed they are to be used.
Exs:- 1. Flurazepam (Daimane)
2. Temazepam (Restoril)
3. Triazolam (Haloion)
4. Zolpiden (Ambien)
Barbiturates:- Barbiturates are a type of sedative-hypnotic derived from barbituric acid. A patient can develop tolerance to barbiturates, making the drugs habit forming.
Exs:- 1. Phenobarbital
2. Secobarbital (Seconal)
3. Sodium pentobarbital
STIMULANTS AND TRANQUILIZERS
Stimulants:- Stimulants are the medications that act on the brain and are used to speed up vital processes. They are used to increase heart rate, breathing rate and brain function. High dose can produce restlessness, insomnia, and hypertension. Some stimulants affect only a specific organ such as heart, lungs, brain or nervous system. Caffiene is also a cerebral stimulant. It is used in drugs to relieve certain types of headache by constricting cerebral blood vessels. Some stimulants cause unwanted side effects. For example, pseudoephedrine found in some cold medicines can increase the heart rate.
Exs:- 1. Caffeine
2. Dextroamphetamine sulfate (Dexedrine)
3. Methylphenidatle (Ritalin)
Tranquilizers:- A tranquilizer is a drug that acts on the central nervous system and is used to calm, decrease anxiety, or help a person to sleep. These are often called depressants because they suppress the central nervous system and slow the body down, they are used to treat mental illness, anxiety and sleeplessness. They should be used only under the supervision of Physician. There are two types or categories of tranquilizers. They are major tranquilizers and minor tranquilizers. The major tranquilizers are called antipsychotic drugs and the minor tranquilizers are called antianxiety drugs.
Major Tranquilizers:
Exs:- 1. Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
2. Lithium
3. Thioridazine (Mellaril)
4. Trifluoperazine (Stelazine)
Minor Tranquilizers:
Exs:- 1. Alprazolam (Xanax)
2. Chlordiazepoxide (Librium)
3. Clorazepate (Tranxene)
4. Diazepam (Valium)
5. Flurazepam (Daimane)
6. Oxazepam (Serax)
In the next post we would learn about the general medical terms of pharmacology. Okay.

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