Free Online Medical Transcription Course

This is the continuation of LESSON 128. 29. Morbidity: The condition of being diseased. 30. Mucinous: The cancer cells containing mucus. 31. Mutation: Change in the genetic material that is DNA of a cell may be caused by chemicals, radiation or viruses or may occur spontaneously. 32. Neoplasm: New growth that may be either benign or malignant tumor. 33. Oncogene: A region of genetic material in a cell that is DNA found in tumor cell (cellular oncogene) on in viruses that cause cancer called viral oncogene. Oncogenes are designated by a three-letter word, such as abl, erb, jun, myc, ras, and src. 34. Pedunculated: Possessing a stem or stalk (peduncle) characteristic of some polypoid tumors. 35. Pharmacokinetics: Study of the distribution and removal of drugs in the body over a period of time. 36. Protocol: An explicit, detailed plan for treatment. 37. Radiation: Energy carried by a stream of particles. Various forms of radiation can cause cancer. 38. Radiocurable tumor

This lesson is the continuation of the LESSON 127. 15. Electron beams: Low-energy beams of radiation for treatment of skin or surface tumors. 16. Encapsulated: Surrounded by a capsule. Benign tumors are generally encapsulated. 17. Fractionation: Giving radiation in small, repeated doses. 18. Grading of tumors: Evaluating the degree of maturity of tumor cells. 19. Gross description of tumor: Visual appearance of tumors, cystic, fungating, inflammatory, medullary, necrotic, polypoid, ulcerating, and verrucous. 20. Infiltrative: Extending beyond normal tissue boundaries. 21. Invasive: Having the ability to enter and destroy surrounding tissue. 22. Linear accelerator: Device that produces high-energy x-ray beams for treatment of deep-seated tumors. 23. Malignant: Tending to become worse and result in death. Tumors having the characteristics of invasiveness, anaplasia, and metastasis. 24. Metastasis: Spread of a malignant tumor to a secondary site. Literally beyond control

1. Adjuvant therapy: Assisting primary treatment. Drugs are given early in the course of treatment along with surgery or radiation to attack cancer cells that may be too small to be detected by diagnostic techniques. 2. Alkylating agents: Synthetic chemicals containing alkyl groups that interfere with DNA synthesis. 3. Anaplasia: Loss of differentiation of cells. Reversion to a more primitive cell type. 4. Antibiotics: Chemical substances produced by bacteria that inhibit the growth of cells used in cancer chemotherapy. 5. Antimetabolites: Chemicals that prevent cell division by inhibiting the formation of substances necessary to make DNA and used in cancer chemotherapy. 6. Apoptesis: Programmed cell death. Apo- means off, away, and -ptosis means to fall. Normal cells undergo apoptesis when they are damaged or aging. Some cancer cells have lost the ability to undergo apoptesis and live forever. 7. Benign: Noncancerous. 6. Biological response modifiers: Substances produ